Coconut products can be a bit tricky on the low FODMAP diet, as some products are suitable and others are not! This article discusses what coconut products are low FODMAP and what coconut products you may need to limit or avoid. The following information is based on the research findings presented in the Monash University FODMAP Diet App.
Low FODMAP Coconut Products
Coconut Oil (Low FODMAP)
All cooking oils are considered low FODMAP, as they do not contain carbohydrates (which are sources of FODMAPs). Coconut oil is extracted by cold-pressing the coconut flesh (2), and Monash University has confirmed that it is low FODMAP (1).
Coconut Cream (Low FODMAP)
Coconut cream is also low FODMAP and remains low FODMAP in large servings. Check the Monash University FODMAP Diet App for more information.
Coconut Yoghurt (Low FODMAP)
Coconut yoghurt has been tested by Monash University and it is low FODMAP in 125g (1 tub) serves (1). When choosing your coconut yoghurt avoid products that contain inulin, fructose, high FODMAP fruit, or high FODMAP sweeteners like honey, agave or fruit juice.
Coconut Dried & Shredded (Low FODMAP)
Dried and shredded coconut (desiccated coconut) is made from the flesh of a mature coconut, which is shredded/flaked and then dried (2 5). According to Monash University, desiccated coconut is low FODMAP in 1/2 cup serves which is plenty when you are baking of cooking. Just keep in mind that larger servings of 3/4 cup contain moderate to high levels of polyols. This means if you are in the first stage of the low FODMAP diet, limit yourself to a 1/2 cup serve or less of desiccated coconut in any one sitting.
Coconut Products That Need Portion Control
Coconut Aminos (Limit to small servings)
Coconut aminos are produced from the sap of the coconut plant. This product is often used to replace soy sauce in recipes. According to Monash University coconut aminos are low FODMAP in 1 teaspoon servings, however larger serves can become high FODMAP. Check the Monash University FODMAP Diet App for more information.
Coconut Ice Cream (Limit to small servings)
Coconut ice cream is made from coconut milk and then flavoured with other ingredients (2). Because the main ingredient in this product is coconut milk, the ice creams might have a low FODMAP serving. However, you need to watch out for sneaky FODMAPs. When choosing either coconut ice cream, check that it does not contain inulin, and has not been sweetened or flavoured with other high FODMAP ingredients. When consuming coconut ice cream we suggest you test your tolerance levels to a 60ml (1/4 cup serve) and increase your serving size from there.
Coconut Milk (Limit to small servings)
Coconut milk and cream are both made from the flesh of a mature coconut. Water is added to the flesh before it is ground into a fine pulp, the juice is then separated through pressing (2). As the fluid settles, it separates into higher-fat cream and lower fat milk (2).
According to Monash University most UHT coconut milk is low FODMAP at 125ml (1/2 cup) serves (1). This is the coconut milk that comes in the cardboard cartons. However, be aware that these UHT milks often contain moderate FODMAPs at 150ml, and are high FODMAP at 250ml (1 cup) serving sizes (1). Avoid any coconut milk that contains inulin during the first phase of the low FODMAP diet.
Canned coconut milk is low FODMAP 1/4 cup serves, however larger serves (1/2 cup or more) contain moderate to high levels of sorbitol (1).
Coconut Treacle (Limit to small servings)
Coconut treacle is also made by refining the sap extracted from the coconut palm tree. It is low FODMAP in ½ tablespoon serves, however it contains moderate amounts of fructans at a 1 tablespoon serve (1). The fructan levels could be due to the naturally occurring inulin in the coconut sap.
Coconut Water (Limit to small servings)
Coconut water is the clear juice harvested from the centre of coconuts (2 4). According to Monash University coconut water (fresh or packaged) is high FODMAP and contains sorbitol and fructans (1). If you are in the first phase of the low FODMAP diet, then limit your serving to 100ml (1). This small amount of coconut water is low FODMAP and should be well tolerated. Once you’ve tested your tolerance levels to sorbitol and fructans you can try a larger serving.
Fresh Coconut Flesh (Low to Moderate FODMAP)
Fresh coconut flesh is low FODMAP in 3/4 cup serves (1). Larger serving sizes of 1 cup can contain moderate levels of sorbitol (1). This means if you want to try fresh coconut flesh start with a 3/4 cup serving size.
Coconut Products That Are High FODMAP
Coconut Sugar (High FODMAP)
Coconut sugar is made from the flower sap of the coconut palm and is different to palm sugar, which comes from the date palm (2).According to Monash University coconut sugar is low FODMAP in 1 teaspoon serves, however larger serves of 3 teaspoons are high FODMAP for fructans (1). This means you need to be careful when using coconut sugar during the first phase of the low FODMAP diet and limit your intake. When baking use brown sugar instead of coconut sugar in recipes.
An interesting fact about coconut sugar is that it contains naturally occurring inulin (6). Inulinis a prebiotic, which feeds the bacteria in our guts. When the bacteria ferment the inulin they create gas, which can cause Irritable Bowel Syndrome symptoms. Inulin is classed as a fructan and considered high FODMAP (1).
